{"id":2126,"date":"2025-10-30T14:26:16","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T12:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/"},"modified":"2025-11-25T13:08:14","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T11:08:14","slug":"radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/","title":{"rendered":"Radio-electronic reconnaissance (RER): essence and principles of operation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"single-post-section__content\">\n    <div class=\"main-content\">\n        <div class=\"top-section\">\n            \n            <div class=\"date\">\n                30.10.2025            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"post-section\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"660\" height=\"337\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp\" class=\"attachment-1728x864 size-1728x864 wp-post-image\" alt=\"Radio-electronic reconnaissance (RER): essence and principles of operation\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp 660w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0-300x153.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/>\n            <h1>Radio-electronic reconnaissance (RER): essence and principles of operation<\/h1>\n\n            <p><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"content-section\">\n                            <div class=\"context\">\n                    <h2>Article content<\/h2>\n\n                    <ul class=\"items\">\n                                                    <li>What is RER: a basic definition of electronic intelligence<\/li>\n                                                    <li>The tasks and role of electronic intelligence in modern warfare<\/li>\n                                                    <li>PEP agents: types, classification and application<\/li>\n                                                    <li>How electronic intelligence works: stages and technologies<\/li>\n                                                    <li>Advantages, limitations and challenges of using PEP<\/li>\n                                            <\/ul>\n                <\/div>\n            \n                            <div class=\"content\">\n                    <p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2112 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/snymok-%D1%8Dkrana-2025-10-30-135033.png\" alt=\"RER station on the basis of the car.\" width=\"671\" height=\"443\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: ChatGPT<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In a combat environment, PER acts as the &#8220;ears of the army,&#8221; recording enemy electronic activity. Unlike intelligence or visual reconnaissance, it does not require a physical presence in the enemy&#8217;s area. All information is received remotely via radio.<\/p>\n<h2>What is RER: a basic definition of electronic intelligence<\/h2>\n<p>Radio-electronic reconnaissance (RER) is a system of measures and technologies aimed at intercepting, analyzing and processing enemy radio signals. RER always operates passively, without emitting its own radiation. Its main task is to collect information about the enemy, its location and intentions for further use of the data obtained in combat operations.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Main components and directions of RER<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Covers several specialized areas, each with its own tasks and methods:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Radio reconnaissance. Interception of communication signals (radio stations, mobile networks, Wi-Fi, satellite channels) to detect command posts, negotiations, and assess unit activity.<\/li>\n<li>Radio technical reconnaissance. Recording of technical radiation (radars, navigation and guidance) to determine the type of equipment, range and possible models.<\/li>\n<li>Radar\/laser\/infrared reconnaissance. Finding laser beams, thermal channels, and other signals that often precede impacts.<\/li>\n<li>Detection of drones and FPV systems. Determination of control and video transmission channels, identification of operators, analysis of data to block or warn of an attack.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Differences between RER and EW and other types of intelligence<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Although these two areas are based on common physical principles, their purpose and nature of action are different:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PEP is a passive activity focused on gathering information. Its task is to hear, but not to be heard.<\/li>\n<li>EW (electronic warfare) is an active action aimed at influencing the electromagnetic environment (suppression, distortion, or substitution of enemy signals).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To better understand EW and EPR, what it means in modern combat, let&#8217;s consider the following example. An electronic reconnaissance unit intercepts the signals of an FPV drone, determines its type and the coordinates of the operator. After that, EW means are activated, which block the control of the drone and neutralize the threat.<\/p>\n<h2>The tasks and role of electronic intelligence in modern warfare<\/h2>\n<p>In a military conflict, where information advantage is often more important than the number of equipment, the PER performs a number of critical tasks:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Detection and classification of enemy communications and control facilities.<\/li>\n<li>Determining the geographical location of signal sources (stations, control points, drones).<\/li>\n<li>Real-time airwave monitoring to warn of FPV drone attacks.<\/li>\n<li>Analysis of enemy activity to predict actions or troop movements.<\/li>\n<li>Providing data to electronic warfare, artillery, aviation, and cyber intelligence units.<\/li>\n<li>Finding control channels for precision weapons, navigation systems, and repeaters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The use of radar reconnaissance in the war against Russia allows the Armed Forces of Ukraine to timely detect threats, determine the enemy&#8217;s coordinates, and effectively plan counterattacks.<\/p>\n<h2>PEP agents: types, classification and application<\/h2>\n<p>Systems are divided into strategic (long-range satellite and ground-based systems), operational (mobile stations for analyzing the situation in the region), and tactical (portable devices that operate directly on the battlefield).<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Tactical systems for intercepting signals<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>They provide early identification of threats. On the front line, PEP is used in the form of compact receivers and detectors capable of detecting the activity of enemy drones, communication stations or transmitters. Some Ukrainian developments successfully record signals from FPV drones and quadcopters at frequencies of 150\u20136000 MHz, which allows for early warning of danger to fighters.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2114 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1.png\" alt=\"Tactical system for intercepting signals in human hands \" width=\"437\" height=\"660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1.png 437w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1-199x300.png 199w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 437px) 100vw, 437px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Source: ChatGPT<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Spectral analysis and localization<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Once a hostile signal is detected, the system determines the frequency, power, and modulation type. This information helps:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">classify the source;<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">assess the technological level of the enemy&#8217;s equipment;<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">choose further methods of action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Analysis data is used to predict enemy behavior and identify activity patterns in its communication systems.<\/p>\n<h2>How electronic intelligence works: stages and technologies<\/h2>\n<p>The RER process consists of several sequential stages, each of which requires specialized equipment and software:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Signal interception. Antennas and receivers scan the radio spectrum in specified ranges (from low MHz to GHz) and detect active emissions (e.g. radio stations, drone control channels, radars, etc.).<\/li>\n<li>Filtering and identification. Intercepted data is cleaned of noise and interference. Radiation parameters are analyzed and compared with signature databases to determine the type of source.<\/li>\n<li>Determining coordinates. Using direction finding or triangulation from multiple antennas (receivers), the system allows you to accurately fix the position of the drone operator or communication station.<\/li>\n<li>Data transmission and application. The results are sent to command centers or EW\/firearms units. They are used to make decisions &#8211; from warning of a threat to suppressing or defeating a target.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Most modern complexes are equipped with automated processing modules and artificial intelligence elements. This allows for rapid response where a few extra minutes or seconds can save lives.<\/p>\n<h2>Advantages, limitations and challenges of using PEP<\/h2>\n<p>The effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance depends on many factors. It is influenced by the technical capabilities of the equipment, the level of personnel training, and the characteristics of the operational environment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Collecting information without risk to personnel.<\/li>\n<li>Real-time threat detection.<\/li>\n<li>Work without active radiation, which makes recognition difficult.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Limitation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The complexity of working in conditions of active enemy electronic warfare.<\/li>\n<li>High cost and need for skilled operators.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Challenges:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Adaptation to new enemy technologies.<\/li>\n<li>Protecting your own systems from enemy EPR.<\/li>\n<li>Integration with other types of intelligence and electronic warfare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Despite limitations and challenges, radar systems continue to actively develop thanks to innovative solutions in signal processing. Our company stands out among Ukrainian developers implementing similar technologies.<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"bottom-section\">\n            492 views        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"user-actions\">\n        <div class=\"like-dislike\">\n            <button class=\"vote-btn like-btn\" data-id=\"2126\" data-vote=\"like\">\n                <span class=\"like-1\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M2.12688 12.7876L3.50688 19.3876C3.61268 19.9299 3.90424 20.4183 4.33135 20.7687C4.75846 21.1192 5.2944 21.3097 5.84688 21.3076H15.9269C16.5628 21.3057 17.1722 21.0522 17.6218 20.6026C18.0715 20.1529 18.325 19.5435 18.3269 18.9076V10.6276C18.3365 10.1809 18.2111 9.74175 17.9669 9.3676L16.2269 6.6676L14.6069 3.9076C14.3681 3.49468 14.0135 3.16088 13.5869 2.94758C13.1603 2.73427 12.6805 2.65083 12.2069 2.7076H12.0869C9.74688 3.0676 8.36688 5.4676 9.26688 7.6276L9.56688 8.2876C9.86688 9.0676 9.32688 9.9676 8.48688 9.9676H4.52688C4.16958 9.95026 3.81307 10.0152 3.4848 10.1573C3.15652 10.2994 2.86525 10.515 2.63341 10.7874C2.40156 11.0598 2.23533 11.3818 2.14751 11.7286C2.0597 12.0754 2.05264 12.4377 2.12688 12.7876ZM8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688ZM20.7269 20.7076C21.0451 20.7076 21.3504 20.5812 21.5754 20.3561C21.8005 20.1311 21.9269 19.8259 21.9269 19.5076V11.7076C21.9269 11.3893 21.8005 11.0841 21.5754 10.8591C21.3504 10.634 21.0451 10.5076 20.7269 10.5076C20.4086 10.5076 20.1034 10.634 19.8784 10.8591C19.6533 11.0841 19.5269 11.3893 19.5269 11.7076V19.5076C19.5269 19.6652 19.5579 19.8212 19.6182 19.9668C19.6785 20.1124 19.7669 20.2447 19.8784 20.3561C19.9898 20.4676 20.1221 20.5559 20.2677 20.6163C20.4133 20.6766 20.5693 20.7076 20.7269 20.7076Z\" fill=\"#1E1D24\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                <span class=\"like-2\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M2.12688 12.7876L3.50688 19.3876C3.61268 19.9299 3.90424 20.4183 4.33135 20.7687C4.75846 21.1192 5.2944 21.3097 5.84688 21.3076H15.9269C16.5628 21.3057 17.1722 21.0522 17.6218 20.6026C18.0715 20.1529 18.325 19.5435 18.3269 18.9076V10.6276C18.3365 10.1809 18.2111 9.74175 17.9669 9.3676L16.2269 6.6676L14.6069 3.9076C14.3681 3.49468 14.0135 3.16088 13.5869 2.94758C13.1603 2.73427 12.6805 2.65083 12.2069 2.7076H12.0869C9.74688 3.0676 8.36688 5.4676 9.26688 7.6276L9.56688 8.2876C9.86688 9.0676 9.32688 9.9676 8.48688 9.9676H4.52688C4.16958 9.95026 3.81307 10.0152 3.4848 10.1573C3.15652 10.2994 2.86525 10.515 2.63341 10.7874C2.40156 11.0598 2.23533 11.3818 2.14751 11.7286C2.0597 12.0754 2.05264 12.4377 2.12688 12.7876ZM8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688ZM20.7269 20.7076C21.0451 20.7076 21.3504 20.5812 21.5754 20.3561C21.8005 20.1311 21.9269 19.8259 21.9269 19.5076V11.7076C21.9269 11.3893 21.8005 11.0841 21.5754 10.8591C21.3504 10.634 21.0451 10.5076 20.7269 10.5076C20.4086 10.5076 20.1034 10.634 19.8784 10.8591C19.6533 11.0841 19.5269 11.3893 19.5269 11.7076V19.5076C19.5269 19.6652 19.5579 19.8212 19.6182 19.9668C19.6785 20.1124 19.7669 20.2447 19.8784 20.3561C19.9898 20.4676 20.1221 20.5559 20.2677 20.6163C20.4133 20.6766 20.5693 20.7076 20.7269 20.7076Z\" fill=\"#FFD102\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                <span class=\"like-3\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M2.12688 12.7876L3.50688 19.3876C3.61268 19.9299 3.90424 20.4183 4.33135 20.7687C4.75846 21.1192 5.2944 21.3097 5.84688 21.3076H15.9269C16.5628 21.3057 17.1722 21.0522 17.6218 20.6026C18.0715 20.1529 18.325 19.5435 18.3269 18.9076V10.6276C18.3365 10.1809 18.2111 9.74175 17.9669 9.3676L16.2269 6.6676L14.6069 3.9076C14.3681 3.49468 14.0135 3.16088 13.5869 2.94758C13.1603 2.73427 12.6805 2.65083 12.2069 2.7076H12.0869C9.74688 3.0676 8.36688 5.4676 9.26688 7.6276L9.56688 8.2876C9.86688 9.0676 9.32688 9.9676 8.48688 9.9676H4.52688C4.16958 9.95026 3.81307 10.0152 3.4848 10.1573C3.15652 10.2994 2.86525 10.515 2.63341 10.7874C2.40156 11.0598 2.23533 11.3818 2.14751 11.7286C2.0597 12.0754 2.05264 12.4377 2.12688 12.7876ZM8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688ZM20.7269 20.7076C21.0451 20.7076 21.3504 20.5812 21.5754 20.3561C21.8005 20.1311 21.9269 19.8259 21.9269 19.5076V11.7076C21.9269 11.3893 21.8005 11.0841 21.5754 10.8591C21.3504 10.634 21.0451 10.5076 20.7269 10.5076C20.4086 10.5076 20.1034 10.634 19.8784 10.8591C19.6533 11.0841 19.5269 11.3893 19.5269 11.7076V19.5076C19.5269 19.6652 19.5579 19.8212 19.6182 19.9668C19.6785 20.1124 19.7669 20.2447 19.8784 20.3561C19.9898 20.4676 20.1221 20.5559 20.2677 20.6163C20.4133 20.6766 20.5693 20.7076 20.7269 20.7076Z\" fill=\"#FFD102\"\/>\n<path d=\"M8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688Z\" fill=\"#FFD102\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n\n\n\n                <span class=\"count\">0<\/span>\n            <\/button>\n\n            <button class=\"vote-btn dislike-btn\" data-id=\"2126\" data-vote=\"dislike\">\n                <span class=\"like-1\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M2.12688 12.7876L3.50688 19.3876C3.61268 19.9299 3.90424 20.4183 4.33135 20.7687C4.75846 21.1192 5.2944 21.3097 5.84688 21.3076H15.9269C16.5628 21.3057 17.1722 21.0522 17.6218 20.6026C18.0715 20.1529 18.325 19.5435 18.3269 18.9076V10.6276C18.3365 10.1809 18.2111 9.74175 17.9669 9.3676L16.2269 6.6676L14.6069 3.9076C14.3681 3.49468 14.0135 3.16088 13.5869 2.94758C13.1603 2.73427 12.6805 2.65083 12.2069 2.7076H12.0869C9.74688 3.0676 8.36688 5.4676 9.26688 7.6276L9.56688 8.2876C9.86688 9.0676 9.32688 9.9676 8.48688 9.9676H4.52688C4.16958 9.95026 3.81307 10.0152 3.4848 10.1573C3.15652 10.2994 2.86525 10.515 2.63341 10.7874C2.40156 11.0598 2.23533 11.3818 2.14751 11.7286C2.0597 12.0754 2.05264 12.4377 2.12688 12.7876ZM8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688ZM20.7269 20.7076C21.0451 20.7076 21.3504 20.5812 21.5754 20.3561C21.8005 20.1311 21.9269 19.8259 21.9269 19.5076V11.7076C21.9269 11.3893 21.8005 11.0841 21.5754 10.8591C21.3504 10.634 21.0451 10.5076 20.7269 10.5076C20.4086 10.5076 20.1034 10.634 19.8784 10.8591C19.6533 11.0841 19.5269 11.3893 19.5269 11.7076V19.5076C19.5269 19.6652 19.5579 19.8212 19.6182 19.9668C19.6785 20.1124 19.7669 20.2447 19.8784 20.3561C19.9898 20.4676 20.1221 20.5559 20.2677 20.6163C20.4133 20.6766 20.5693 20.7076 20.7269 20.7076Z\" fill=\"#1E1D24\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                <span class=\"like-2\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M2.12688 12.7876L3.50688 19.3876C3.61268 19.9299 3.90424 20.4183 4.33135 20.7687C4.75846 21.1192 5.2944 21.3097 5.84688 21.3076H15.9269C16.5628 21.3057 17.1722 21.0522 17.6218 20.6026C18.0715 20.1529 18.325 19.5435 18.3269 18.9076V10.6276C18.3365 10.1809 18.2111 9.74175 17.9669 9.3676L16.2269 6.6676L14.6069 3.9076C14.3681 3.49468 14.0135 3.16088 13.5869 2.94758C13.1603 2.73427 12.6805 2.65083 12.2069 2.7076H12.0869C9.74688 3.0676 8.36688 5.4676 9.26688 7.6276L9.56688 8.2876C9.86688 9.0676 9.32688 9.9676 8.48688 9.9676H4.52688C4.16958 9.95026 3.81307 10.0152 3.4848 10.1573C3.15652 10.2994 2.86525 10.515 2.63341 10.7874C2.40156 11.0598 2.23533 11.3818 2.14751 11.7286C2.0597 12.0754 2.05264 12.4377 2.12688 12.7876ZM8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688ZM20.7269 20.7076C21.0451 20.7076 21.3504 20.5812 21.5754 20.3561C21.8005 20.1311 21.9269 19.8259 21.9269 19.5076V11.7076C21.9269 11.3893 21.8005 11.0841 21.5754 10.8591C21.3504 10.634 21.0451 10.5076 20.7269 10.5076C20.4086 10.5076 20.1034 10.634 19.8784 10.8591C19.6533 11.0841 19.5269 11.3893 19.5269 11.7076V19.5076C19.5269 19.6652 19.5579 19.8212 19.6182 19.9668C19.6785 20.1124 19.7669 20.2447 19.8784 20.3561C19.9898 20.4676 20.1221 20.5559 20.2677 20.6163C20.4133 20.6766 20.5693 20.7076 20.7269 20.7076Z\" fill=\"#FFD102\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                <span class=\"like-3\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M2.12688 12.7876L3.50688 19.3876C3.61268 19.9299 3.90424 20.4183 4.33135 20.7687C4.75846 21.1192 5.2944 21.3097 5.84688 21.3076H15.9269C16.5628 21.3057 17.1722 21.0522 17.6218 20.6026C18.0715 20.1529 18.325 19.5435 18.3269 18.9076V10.6276C18.3365 10.1809 18.2111 9.74175 17.9669 9.3676L16.2269 6.6676L14.6069 3.9076C14.3681 3.49468 14.0135 3.16088 13.5869 2.94758C13.1603 2.73427 12.6805 2.65083 12.2069 2.7076H12.0869C9.74688 3.0676 8.36688 5.4676 9.26688 7.6276L9.56688 8.2876C9.86688 9.0676 9.32688 9.9676 8.48688 9.9676H4.52688C4.16958 9.95026 3.81307 10.0152 3.4848 10.1573C3.15652 10.2994 2.86525 10.515 2.63341 10.7874C2.40156 11.0598 2.23533 11.3818 2.14751 11.7286C2.0597 12.0754 2.05264 12.4377 2.12688 12.7876ZM8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688ZM20.7269 20.7076C21.0451 20.7076 21.3504 20.5812 21.5754 20.3561C21.8005 20.1311 21.9269 19.8259 21.9269 19.5076V11.7076C21.9269 11.3893 21.8005 11.0841 21.5754 10.8591C21.3504 10.634 21.0451 10.5076 20.7269 10.5076C20.4086 10.5076 20.1034 10.634 19.8784 10.8591C19.6533 11.0841 19.5269 11.3893 19.5269 11.7076V19.5076C19.5269 19.6652 19.5579 19.8212 19.6182 19.9668C19.6785 20.1124 19.7669 20.2447 19.8784 20.3561C19.9898 20.4676 20.1221 20.5559 20.2677 20.6163C20.4133 20.6766 20.5693 20.7076 20.7269 20.7076Z\" fill=\"#FFD102\"\/>\n<path d=\"M8.42688 12.3076C9.02058 12.3134 9.60632 12.1707 10.1308 11.8924C10.6552 11.6141 11.1018 11.209 11.4297 10.7141C11.7577 10.2191 11.9567 9.65005 12.0086 9.05859C12.0605 8.46713 11.9636 7.87208 11.7269 7.3276L11.4269 6.6676C11.1269 5.9476 11.6069 5.1676 12.3869 5.0476H12.5069L14.1269 7.8076C14.1269 7.8676 14.1869 7.8676 14.1869 7.9276L15.9269 10.6276V18.9076H5.84688L4.46688 12.3076H8.42688Z\" fill=\"#FFD102\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"networks\">\n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/share\/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Fradio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation%2F&#038;text=Radio-electronic+reconnaissance+%28RER%29%3A+essence+and+principles+of+operation\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_166)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#37AEE2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C8.8125 18.9375 8.85938 18.75 8.71875 18.2812L7.21875 13.3594L18.7031 6.60938\" fill=\"#C8DAEA\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C9.65625 18.9375 9.84375 18.75 10.0781 18.5625L12.1875 16.5469L9.5625 14.9531\" fill=\"#A9C9DD\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.5624 14.9531L15.8905 19.5937C16.5468 20.0156 17.1093 19.7812 17.2968 18.9375L19.8749 6.84371C20.1093 5.81246 19.453 5.34371 18.7499 5.67184L3.70303 11.4843C2.71865 11.8593 2.71865 12.4687 3.51553 12.7031L7.40615 13.9218L16.3124 8.24996C16.7343 8.01559 17.1093 8.10934 16.828 8.43746\" fill=\"#F6FBFE\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_166\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Fradio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation%2F&#038;text=Radio-electronic+reconnaissance+%28RER%29%3A+essence+and+principles+of+operation\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_171)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#1DA1F2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M20.4844 7.12501C19.9287 7.49363 19.2762 7.68936 18.6094 7.68751C19.3223 7.26752 19.8561 6.60026 20.1094 5.81251C19.5184 6.31211 18.7737 6.59344 18 6.60938C17.4899 6.08693 16.8241 5.744 16.1026 5.63206C15.381 5.52012 14.6426 5.64521 13.9982 5.98855C13.3538 6.33189 12.8381 6.87497 12.5285 7.53628C12.2189 8.19759 12.1322 8.94146 12.2812 9.65626C10.9684 9.58695 9.68488 9.24231 8.51392 8.64471C7.34296 8.04712 6.31077 7.20993 5.48438 6.18751C5.07999 6.91925 4.96159 7.77503 5.15211 8.58908C5.34263 9.40312 5.82851 10.1175 6.51562 10.5938C5.99706 10.6011 5.48377 10.4888 5.01562 10.2656C5.02823 11.0207 5.29372 11.7497 5.76961 12.3361C6.2455 12.9225 6.9043 13.3323 7.64062 13.5C7.15048 13.628 6.63781 13.644 6.14062 13.5469C6.3551 14.2158 6.77296 14.8011 7.33593 15.2213C7.89891 15.6414 8.57895 15.8754 9.28125 15.8906C7.798 16.7904 6.09417 17.261 4.35938 17.25C5.81228 18.1985 7.49992 18.7252 9.23442 18.7715C10.9689 18.8178 12.6822 18.3817 14.1836 17.512C15.685 16.6423 16.9156 15.3729 17.7383 13.8453C18.5611 12.3176 18.9438 10.5916 18.8438 8.85938C19.4623 8.35354 20.0136 7.77069 20.4844 7.12501Z\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_171\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Fradio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation%2F\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_174)\">\n<path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M23.0002 0H1.0005C0.44775 0 0 0.44775 0 0.99975V23.0002C0 23.5522 0.44775 24 1.0005 24H12.75V15H9.75V11.25H12.75V8.25C12.75 5.15025 14.7128 3.62475 17.478 3.62475C18.8025 3.62475 19.941 3.72375 20.2725 3.76725V7.00725L18.3547 7.008C16.851 7.008 16.5 7.72275 16.5 8.77125V11.25H20.25L19.5 15H16.5L16.56 24H23.0002C23.5522 24 24 23.5522 24 23.0002V0.99975C24 0.44775 23.5522 0 23.0002 0Z\" fill=\"#3B5998\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_174\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<section class=\"products-sidebar\">\n    <span class=\"sidebar-title\">Featured products<\/span>\n\n    <div class=\"items\">\n                    <div class=\"item\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/device\/uav-grif\/\" class=\"image-container\">\n                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"192\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/group_154-removebg-preview.png\" class=\"attachment-240x240 size-240x240 wp-post-image\" alt=\"UAV Grif\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/group_154-removebg-preview.png 447w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/group_154-removebg-preview-240x300.png 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 192px) 100vw, 192px\" \/>                <\/a>\n\n                <div class=\"content\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/device\/uav-grif\/\">\n                        <span class=\"title\">BpAK Grif<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n\n                    <p>Ready-to-fly aviation complex with remote control, tablet, mast-mounted repeater, FPV goggles, and 500 drones in the set<\/p>\n\n                    <br \/>\n<b>Warning<\/b>:  Undefined array key 1 in <b>\/home\/hryf\/drongrif.com\/www\/wp-content\/themes\/Proacto-Theme\/template-parts\/blocks\/pr-products-sidebar.php<\/b> on line <b>40<\/b><br \/>\n\n                    <span class=\"price\">\n                        <i><\/i>\n                        0                     <\/span>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"item\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/device\/uav-grif-m\/\" class=\"image-container\">\n                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"193\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/component_1-removebg-preview.png\" class=\"attachment-240x240 size-240x240 wp-post-image\" alt=\"UAV Grif-M\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/component_1-removebg-preview.png 448w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/component_1-removebg-preview-242x300.png 242w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 193px) 100vw, 193px\" \/>                <\/a>\n\n                <div class=\"content\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/device\/uav-grif-m\/\">\n                        <span class=\"title\">UAV Grif-M<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n\n                    <p>A complex with a Mavic charging station, a repeater and full support for combat missions.<\/p>\n\n                    <br \/>\n<b>Warning<\/b>:  Undefined array key 1 in <b>\/home\/hryf\/drongrif.com\/www\/wp-content\/themes\/Proacto-Theme\/template-parts\/blocks\/pr-products-sidebar.php<\/b> on line <b>40<\/b><br \/>\n\n                    <span class=\"price\">\n                        <i><\/i>\n                        0                     <\/span>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"item\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/device\/uav-vulture-2\/\" class=\"image-container\">\n                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"197\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.png\" class=\"attachment-240x240 size-240x240 wp-post-image\" alt=\"Grif 10 \u2014 FPV kamikaze drone\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.png 792w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1-768x631.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/>                <\/a>\n\n                <div class=\"content\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/device\/uav-vulture-2\/\">\n                        <span class=\"title\">UAV Vulture<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n\n                    <p>FPV drone 10 for strike missions. Operating range up to 20+ km, combat load up to 3 kg. Ideal for mass use.  <\/p>\n\n                    <br \/>\n<b>Warning<\/b>:  Undefined array key 1 in <b>\/home\/hryf\/drongrif.com\/www\/wp-content\/themes\/Proacto-Theme\/template-parts\/blocks\/pr-products-sidebar.php<\/b> on line <b>40<\/b><br \/>\n\n                    <span class=\"price\">\n                        <i><\/i>\n                        0                     <\/span>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"questions\" id=\"questions-section\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n                    <h2 class=\"section-title headline headline-h2 questions__title\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n                            <ul class=\"questions__list\">\n                                    <li class=\"questions__item question\">\n                        <div class=\"question__header\">\n                            <h3>What does electronic reconnaissance (ERR) include?<\/h3>\n                            <span class=\"question__arrow\"><\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"question__answer\"><p>A set of actions to intercept, analyze, and decipher enemy electromagnetic signals to obtain intelligence information.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li class=\"questions__item question\">\n                        <div class=\"question__header\">\n                            <h3>What are the main tools for RER and how are they used?<\/h3>\n                            <span class=\"question__arrow\"><\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"question__answer\"><p>Antennas, receivers, spectrum analyzers, software data processing systems from large stations to portable detectors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li class=\"questions__item question\">\n                        <div class=\"question__header\">\n                            <h3>How does PEP help detect FPV drones and quadcopters?<\/h3>\n                            <span class=\"question__arrow\"><\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"question__answer\"><p>Intercepts control and video transmission signals (2.4\/5.8 GHz), determines the type of drone and the operator&#8217;s coordinates even before takeoff.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li class=\"questions__item question\">\n                        <div class=\"question__header\">\n                            <h3>What advantages does RER have in countering hostile threats?<\/h3>\n                            <span class=\"question__arrow\"><\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"question__answer\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides early warning, allows planning of countermeasures and increases the effectiveness of electronic warfare.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li class=\"questions__item question\">\n                        <div class=\"question__header\">\n                            <h3>Are there limitations to the effectiveness of electronic intelligence?<\/h3>\n                            <span class=\"question__arrow\"><\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"question__answer\"><p>Yes, its operation is affected by radio interference, encrypted signals, and active enemy electronic warfare, but the development of technology and AI reduces these limitations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                    <\/li>\n                            <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"posts-rec\">\n    <h2>We recommend you to <\/h2>\n\n    <div class=\"post-rec-swiper swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                                \n                    <div class=\"content-post content-card swiper-slide\">\n                        <div class=\"content-card__img\">\n                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/fiber-optic-fpv-drone-what-it-is-and-how-it-works\/\">\n                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"808\" height=\"424\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/grid.png\" class=\"attachment-848x424 size-848x424 wp-post-image\" alt=\"Fiber Optic FPV Drone: What It Is and How It Works\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/grid.png 1200w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/grid-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/grid-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/grid-768x403.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 808px) 100vw, 808px\" \/>                                <\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"content-card__content\">\n                            <div class=\"content-card__tags\">\n                                                            <\/div>\n\n                            <h3 class=\"content-card__title\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/fiber-optic-fpv-drone-what-it-is-and-how-it-works\/\">\n                                    Fiber Optic FPV Drone: What It Is and How It Works                                <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                        <\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"content-card__footer\">\n                            <span class=\"content-card__author\">\n                                by Roman                            <\/span>\n\n                            <span class=\"content-card__date\">\n                                30.09.2025                            <\/span>\n\n                            <div class=\"networks\">\n                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/share\/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Ffiber-optic-fpv-drone-what-it-is-and-how-it-works%2F&#038;text=Fiber+Optic+FPV+Drone%3A+What+It+Is+and+How+It+Works\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_166)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#37AEE2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C8.8125 18.9375 8.85938 18.75 8.71875 18.2812L7.21875 13.3594L18.7031 6.60938\" fill=\"#C8DAEA\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C9.65625 18.9375 9.84375 18.75 10.0781 18.5625L12.1875 16.5469L9.5625 14.9531\" fill=\"#A9C9DD\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.5624 14.9531L15.8905 19.5937C16.5468 20.0156 17.1093 19.7812 17.2968 18.9375L19.8749 6.84371C20.1093 5.81246 19.453 5.34371 18.7499 5.67184L3.70303 11.4843C2.71865 11.8593 2.71865 12.4687 3.51553 12.7031L7.40615 13.9218L16.3124 8.24996C16.7343 8.01559 17.1093 8.10934 16.828 8.43746\" fill=\"#F6FBFE\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_166\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Ffiber-optic-fpv-drone-what-it-is-and-how-it-works%2F&#038;text=Fiber+Optic+FPV+Drone%3A+What+It+Is+and+How+It+Works\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_171)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#1DA1F2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M20.4844 7.12501C19.9287 7.49363 19.2762 7.68936 18.6094 7.68751C19.3223 7.26752 19.8561 6.60026 20.1094 5.81251C19.5184 6.31211 18.7737 6.59344 18 6.60938C17.4899 6.08693 16.8241 5.744 16.1026 5.63206C15.381 5.52012 14.6426 5.64521 13.9982 5.98855C13.3538 6.33189 12.8381 6.87497 12.5285 7.53628C12.2189 8.19759 12.1322 8.94146 12.2812 9.65626C10.9684 9.58695 9.68488 9.24231 8.51392 8.64471C7.34296 8.04712 6.31077 7.20993 5.48438 6.18751C5.07999 6.91925 4.96159 7.77503 5.15211 8.58908C5.34263 9.40312 5.82851 10.1175 6.51562 10.5938C5.99706 10.6011 5.48377 10.4888 5.01562 10.2656C5.02823 11.0207 5.29372 11.7497 5.76961 12.3361C6.2455 12.9225 6.9043 13.3323 7.64062 13.5C7.15048 13.628 6.63781 13.644 6.14062 13.5469C6.3551 14.2158 6.77296 14.8011 7.33593 15.2213C7.89891 15.6414 8.57895 15.8754 9.28125 15.8906C7.798 16.7904 6.09417 17.261 4.35938 17.25C5.81228 18.1985 7.49992 18.7252 9.23442 18.7715C10.9689 18.8178 12.6822 18.3817 14.1836 17.512C15.685 16.6423 16.9156 15.3729 17.7383 13.8453C18.5611 12.3176 18.9438 10.5916 18.8438 8.85938C19.4623 8.35354 20.0136 7.77069 20.4844 7.12501Z\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_171\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Ffiber-optic-fpv-drone-what-it-is-and-how-it-works%2F\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_174)\">\n<path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M23.0002 0H1.0005C0.44775 0 0 0.44775 0 0.99975V23.0002C0 23.5522 0.44775 24 1.0005 24H12.75V15H9.75V11.25H12.75V8.25C12.75 5.15025 14.7128 3.62475 17.478 3.62475C18.8025 3.62475 19.941 3.72375 20.2725 3.76725V7.00725L18.3547 7.008C16.851 7.008 16.5 7.72275 16.5 8.77125V11.25H20.25L19.5 15H16.5L16.56 24H23.0002C23.5522 24 24 23.5522 24 23.0002V0.99975C24 0.44775 23.5522 0 23.0002 0Z\" fill=\"#3B5998\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_174\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    \n                    <div class=\"content-post content-card swiper-slide\">\n                        <div class=\"content-card__img\">\n                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/fpv-drones-everything-you-need-to-know-about-technology-types-and-applications\/\">\n                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"665\" height=\"424\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/gryf.png\" class=\"attachment-848x424 size-848x424 wp-post-image\" alt=\"FPV drones: everything you need to know about technology, types and applications\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/gryf.png 750w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/gryf-300x191.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/>                                <\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"content-card__content\">\n                            <div class=\"content-card__tags\">\n                                                            <\/div>\n\n                            <h3 class=\"content-card__title\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/fpv-drones-everything-you-need-to-know-about-technology-types-and-applications\/\">\n                                    FPV drones: everything you need to know about technology, types and applications                                <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                        <\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"content-card__footer\">\n                            <span class=\"content-card__author\">\n                                by Roman                            <\/span>\n\n                            <span class=\"content-card__date\">\n                                15.09.2025                            <\/span>\n\n                            <div class=\"networks\">\n                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/share\/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Ffpv-drones-everything-you-need-to-know-about-technology-types-and-applications%2F&#038;text=FPV+drones%3A+everything+you+need+to+know+about+technology%2C+types+and+applications\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_166)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#37AEE2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C8.8125 18.9375 8.85938 18.75 8.71875 18.2812L7.21875 13.3594L18.7031 6.60938\" fill=\"#C8DAEA\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C9.65625 18.9375 9.84375 18.75 10.0781 18.5625L12.1875 16.5469L9.5625 14.9531\" fill=\"#A9C9DD\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.5624 14.9531L15.8905 19.5937C16.5468 20.0156 17.1093 19.7812 17.2968 18.9375L19.8749 6.84371C20.1093 5.81246 19.453 5.34371 18.7499 5.67184L3.70303 11.4843C2.71865 11.8593 2.71865 12.4687 3.51553 12.7031L7.40615 13.9218L16.3124 8.24996C16.7343 8.01559 17.1093 8.10934 16.828 8.43746\" fill=\"#F6FBFE\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_166\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Ffpv-drones-everything-you-need-to-know-about-technology-types-and-applications%2F&#038;text=FPV+drones%3A+everything+you+need+to+know+about+technology%2C+types+and+applications\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_171)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#1DA1F2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M20.4844 7.12501C19.9287 7.49363 19.2762 7.68936 18.6094 7.68751C19.3223 7.26752 19.8561 6.60026 20.1094 5.81251C19.5184 6.31211 18.7737 6.59344 18 6.60938C17.4899 6.08693 16.8241 5.744 16.1026 5.63206C15.381 5.52012 14.6426 5.64521 13.9982 5.98855C13.3538 6.33189 12.8381 6.87497 12.5285 7.53628C12.2189 8.19759 12.1322 8.94146 12.2812 9.65626C10.9684 9.58695 9.68488 9.24231 8.51392 8.64471C7.34296 8.04712 6.31077 7.20993 5.48438 6.18751C5.07999 6.91925 4.96159 7.77503 5.15211 8.58908C5.34263 9.40312 5.82851 10.1175 6.51562 10.5938C5.99706 10.6011 5.48377 10.4888 5.01562 10.2656C5.02823 11.0207 5.29372 11.7497 5.76961 12.3361C6.2455 12.9225 6.9043 13.3323 7.64062 13.5C7.15048 13.628 6.63781 13.644 6.14062 13.5469C6.3551 14.2158 6.77296 14.8011 7.33593 15.2213C7.89891 15.6414 8.57895 15.8754 9.28125 15.8906C7.798 16.7904 6.09417 17.261 4.35938 17.25C5.81228 18.1985 7.49992 18.7252 9.23442 18.7715C10.9689 18.8178 12.6822 18.3817 14.1836 17.512C15.685 16.6423 16.9156 15.3729 17.7383 13.8453C18.5611 12.3176 18.9438 10.5916 18.8438 8.85938C19.4623 8.35354 20.0136 7.77069 20.4844 7.12501Z\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_171\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Ffpv-drones-everything-you-need-to-know-about-technology-types-and-applications%2F\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_174)\">\n<path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M23.0002 0H1.0005C0.44775 0 0 0.44775 0 0.99975V23.0002C0 23.5522 0.44775 24 1.0005 24H12.75V15H9.75V11.25H12.75V8.25C12.75 5.15025 14.7128 3.62475 17.478 3.62475C18.8025 3.62475 19.941 3.72375 20.2725 3.76725V7.00725L18.3547 7.008C16.851 7.008 16.5 7.72275 16.5 8.77125V11.25H20.25L19.5 15H16.5L16.56 24H23.0002C23.5522 24 24 23.5522 24 23.0002V0.99975C24 0.44775 23.5522 0 23.0002 0Z\" fill=\"#3B5998\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_174\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    \n                    <div class=\"content-post content-card swiper-slide\">\n                        <div class=\"content-card__img\">\n                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/kamikaze-drone-working-principle-and-role-in-modern-warfare\/\">\n                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"661\" height=\"424\" src=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/snymok-\u044dkrana-2025-09-30-140535.png\" class=\"attachment-848x424 size-848x424 wp-post-image\" alt=\"Kamikaze drone: working principle and role in modern warfare\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/snymok-\u044dkrana-2025-09-30-140535.png 750w, https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/snymok-\u044dkrana-2025-09-30-140535-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 661px) 100vw, 661px\" \/>                                <\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"content-card__content\">\n                            <div class=\"content-card__tags\">\n                                                            <\/div>\n\n                            <h3 class=\"content-card__title\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/kamikaze-drone-working-principle-and-role-in-modern-warfare\/\">\n                                    Kamikaze drone: working principle and role in modern warfare                                <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                        <\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"content-card__footer\">\n                            <span class=\"content-card__author\">\n                                by Roman                            <\/span>\n\n                            <span class=\"content-card__date\">\n                                30.09.2025                            <\/span>\n\n                            <div class=\"networks\">\n                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/share\/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Fkamikaze-drone-working-principle-and-role-in-modern-warfare%2F&#038;text=Kamikaze+drone%3A+working+principle+and+role+in+modern+warfare\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_166)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#37AEE2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C8.8125 18.9375 8.85938 18.75 8.71875 18.2812L7.21875 13.3594L18.7031 6.60938\" fill=\"#C8DAEA\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.32812 18.9375C9.65625 18.9375 9.84375 18.75 10.0781 18.5625L12.1875 16.5469L9.5625 14.9531\" fill=\"#A9C9DD\"\/>\n<path d=\"M9.5624 14.9531L15.8905 19.5937C16.5468 20.0156 17.1093 19.7812 17.2968 18.9375L19.8749 6.84371C20.1093 5.81246 19.453 5.34371 18.7499 5.67184L3.70303 11.4843C2.71865 11.8593 2.71865 12.4687 3.51553 12.7031L7.40615 13.9218L16.3124 8.24996C16.7343 8.01559 17.1093 8.10934 16.828 8.43746\" fill=\"#F6FBFE\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_166\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Fkamikaze-drone-working-principle-and-role-in-modern-warfare%2F&#038;text=Kamikaze+drone%3A+working+principle+and+role+in+modern+warfare\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_171)\">\n<path d=\"M20.4 0H3.6C1.61177 0 0 1.61177 0 3.6V20.4C0 22.3882 1.61177 24 3.6 24H20.4C22.3882 24 24 22.3882 24 20.4V3.6C24 1.61177 22.3882 0 20.4 0Z\" fill=\"#1DA1F2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M20.4844 7.12501C19.9287 7.49363 19.2762 7.68936 18.6094 7.68751C19.3223 7.26752 19.8561 6.60026 20.1094 5.81251C19.5184 6.31211 18.7737 6.59344 18 6.60938C17.4899 6.08693 16.8241 5.744 16.1026 5.63206C15.381 5.52012 14.6426 5.64521 13.9982 5.98855C13.3538 6.33189 12.8381 6.87497 12.5285 7.53628C12.2189 8.19759 12.1322 8.94146 12.2812 9.65626C10.9684 9.58695 9.68488 9.24231 8.51392 8.64471C7.34296 8.04712 6.31077 7.20993 5.48438 6.18751C5.07999 6.91925 4.96159 7.77503 5.15211 8.58908C5.34263 9.40312 5.82851 10.1175 6.51562 10.5938C5.99706 10.6011 5.48377 10.4888 5.01562 10.2656C5.02823 11.0207 5.29372 11.7497 5.76961 12.3361C6.2455 12.9225 6.9043 13.3323 7.64062 13.5C7.15048 13.628 6.63781 13.644 6.14062 13.5469C6.3551 14.2158 6.77296 14.8011 7.33593 15.2213C7.89891 15.6414 8.57895 15.8754 9.28125 15.8906C7.798 16.7904 6.09417 17.261 4.35938 17.25C5.81228 18.1985 7.49992 18.7252 9.23442 18.7715C10.9689 18.8178 12.6822 18.3817 14.1836 17.512C15.685 16.6423 16.9156 15.3729 17.7383 13.8453C18.5611 12.3176 18.9438 10.5916 18.8438 8.85938C19.4623 8.35354 20.0136 7.77069 20.4844 7.12501Z\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_171\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdrongrif.com%2Fen%2Fkamikaze-drone-working-principle-and-role-in-modern-warfare%2F\" class=\"link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n                                    <svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_1313_174)\">\n<path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M23.0002 0H1.0005C0.44775 0 0 0.44775 0 0.99975V23.0002C0 23.5522 0.44775 24 1.0005 24H12.75V15H9.75V11.25H12.75V8.25C12.75 5.15025 14.7128 3.62475 17.478 3.62475C18.8025 3.62475 19.941 3.72375 20.2725 3.76725V7.00725L18.3547 7.008C16.851 7.008 16.5 7.72275 16.5 8.77125V11.25H20.25L19.5 15H16.5L16.56 24H23.0002C23.5522 24 24 23.5522 24 23.0002V0.99975C24 0.44775 23.5522 0 23.0002 0Z\" fill=\"#3B5998\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<defs>\n<clipPath id=\"clip0_1313_174\">\n<rect width=\"24\" height=\"24\" rx=\"6\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n<\/clipPath>\n<\/defs>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rer-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Radioelectronic reconnaissance (RER): what it is and how it works | DronGrif Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn what ESR is, how electronic intelligence works, its tools, advantages, and challenges in countering drones and enemy signals.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Radioelectronic reconnaissance (RER): what it is and how it works | DronGrif Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn what ESR is, how electronic intelligence works, its tools, advantages, and challenges in countering drones and enemy signals.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"grif\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-30T12:26:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-25T11:08:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"337\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/\",\"name\":\"Radioelectronic reconnaissance (RER): what it is and how it works | DronGrif Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-30T12:26:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-25T11:08:14+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn what ESR is, how electronic intelligence works, its tools, advantages, and challenges in countering drones and enemy signals.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp\",\"width\":660,\"height\":337},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Radio-electronic reconnaissance (RER): essence and principles of operation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"grif\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"grif\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-4-1.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-4-1.svg\",\"width\":1,\"height\":1,\"caption\":\"grif\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Radioelectronic reconnaissance (RER): what it is and how it works | DronGrif Blog","description":"Learn what ESR is, how electronic intelligence works, its tools, advantages, and challenges in countering drones and enemy signals.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Radioelectronic reconnaissance (RER): what it is and how it works | DronGrif Blog","og_description":"Learn what ESR is, how electronic intelligence works, its tools, advantages, and challenges in countering drones and enemy signals.","og_url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/","og_site_name":"grif","article_published_time":"2025-10-30T12:26:16+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-11-25T11:08:14+00:00","og_image":[{"width":660,"height":337,"url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"author":"\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/","url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/","name":"Radioelectronic reconnaissance (RER): what it is and how it works | DronGrif Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp","datePublished":"2025-10-30T12:26:16+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-25T11:08:14+00:00","description":"Learn what ESR is, how electronic intelligence works, its tools, advantages, and challenges in countering drones and enemy signals.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/70661c30438aeae0.webp","width":660,"height":337},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/radio-electronic-reconnaissance-rer-essence-and-principles-of-operation\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Radio-electronic reconnaissance (RER): essence and principles of operation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/","name":"grif","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#organization","name":"grif","url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-4-1.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-4-1.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"grif"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2126"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2199,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126\/revisions\/2199"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drongrif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}